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Environmental management. Vocabulary
BS ISO 14050:2009
Communication is essential in the implementation and operation of environmental management systems. This communication will be most effective if there is a common understanding of the terms used.
BS ISO 14050 contains concepts and their definitions as used in the ISO 14000 series of international standards related to environmental management.
BS ISO 14050 provides you with a compilation of the terms and definitions in use in the field of environmental management. It is also of use to standards developers, particularly those involved with translation, as an aid to maintaining consistency.
This standard is written in the three official ISO languages (English, French and Russian), but also gives the equivalent terms in Spanish, Arabic, German, Finnish, Italian, Dutch, Norwegian, Portuguese and Swedish.
Contents of BS ISO 14050:
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Conventions used in terms and definitions
3 General terms relating to environmental management
4 Terms relating to environmental management systems
5 Terms relating to validation, verification, and auditing
6 Terms relating to product systems
7 Terms relating to life cycle assessment
8 Terms relating to environmental labelling and declarations and to environmental communication
9 Terms relating to greenhouse gases
Annex A (informative) Additional concepts encountered in the international environmental community
Bibliography
Alphabetical index
Alphabetical index of French terms
Alphabetical index of Russian terms
Alphabetical index of Spanish terms
Alphabetical index of Arabic terms
Alphabetical index of German terms
Alphabetical index of Finnish terms
Alphabetical index of Italian terms
Alphabetical index of Dutch terms
Alphabetical index of Norwegian terms
Alphabetical index of Portuguese terms
Alphabetical index of Swedish terms
ID: 805
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Publisher: BSI
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Standard Specification for Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Sheet Used In Geomembrane Applications
ASTM D7465 - 08
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) geomembrane intended for use in geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications. The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values to ensure minimum quality for the intended use. The vulcanized rubber sheet may be non-reinforced, fabric or scrim reinforced..
1.2 In place geomembrane design criteria, such as field seaming strength, and material compatibility, among others, are factors that must be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 804
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
ASTM D629
WITHDRAWN 1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the determination of the fiber blend composition of mixtures of the fibers listed in 1.2. Procedures for quantitative estimation of the amount of moisture and certain nonfibrous materials in textiles are also described, for use in the analysis of mixtures, but these are not the primary methods for the determination of moisture content for commercial weights.
1.2 These test methods cover procedures for the following fiber types:
1.2.1 Natural Fibers:
1.2.1.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers: Cotton Hemp Flax Ramie
1.2.1.2 Protein-Base Fibers: Animal hairs (other than wool) Silk, cultivated Silk, Tussah Wool
1.2.2 Man-Made Fibers:
1.2.2.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers: Acetate (secondary) Rayon, viscose or cuprammonium Triacetate
1.2.2.2 Synthetic-Base Fibers: Acrylic Aramid Modacrylic Nylon 6, Nylon 6-6, others Olefin Polyester Spandex
1.3 These test methods include the following sections and tables:
Section Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Methods 4 Uses and Significance 5 Sampling 6 Purity of Reagents 7 Moisture Content or Moisture Regain 8 Nonfibrous Materials 9 Mechanical Separation or Dissection 10 Chemical Test Methods: Summary of Methods 11 Specimens and Symbols 12 No. 1 Acetate Mixed With Other Fibers 13 No. 2 Modacrylic Mixed With Cellulosic Fiber or Wool 14 No. 3 Nylon 6 or Nylon 6-6 Mixed With Natural Fibers or Rayon 15 No. 4 Rayon Mixed With Cotton 16 No. 5 Wool or Polyester Mixed With Cellulosic Fibers or Silk 17 No. 6 Polyester or Acrylic Mixed With Wool 18 No. 7 Natural Cellulosic Material and Rayon Mixed With Acrylic, Modacrylic, and Polyester 19 Referenced Documents 2 No. 8 Polyester Mixed With Olefin 20 No. 9 Polyester Mixed With Acetate or Nylon 6,6-6 21 No. 10 Acrylic Fiber or Linear Spandex Mixed With Nylon or Polyester 22 Microspical Analysis Scope 23 Summary of Method 24 Sampling 25 Apparatus 26 Procedure 27 Indexing Term 28 Table Chemical Methods for Analysis of Fiber Mixtures 1 Solubilities of Various Fibers in Solvents Used in Chemical Methods 2 Comparative Scale for Fineness of Various Textile Fibers 3 Fineness Ranges and Fiber Diameters of Various Textile Fibers 4 Specific Gravity of Various Textile Fibers 5
1.4 The analytical procedures described in the test methods are applicable to the fibers listed in 1.2. The test methods are not satisfactory for the separation of mixtures containing fibers that fall within the same generic class but differ somewhat, either physically or chemically, from each other. These test methods are not satisfactory for the determination of bicomponent fibers.
Note 1-For other methods of analysis covering specific determinations, refer to: Test Methods D461, Test Method D584, Methods D885, Test Method D1113, Test Method D1334, and Test Method D2130. Methods for moisture are covered in Methods D885, Test Method D1576, Test Method D2462, Test Method D2495 and Test Methods D2654. For the determination of commercial weight, refer to Test Method D2494.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 801
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Nonwoven Fabrics by the Trapezoid Procedure (Withdrawn 2008)
ASTM D5733
WITHDRAWN 1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing strength of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoid procedure using a recording constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) tensile testing machine.
1.1.1 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become the preferred test apparatus for determining trapezoid tearing strength. It is recognized that some constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machines continue to be used. As a consequence, these test instruments may be used when agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The conditions for the CRT-type tensile tester as used with this test are included in Appendix X1.
1.2 This test method applies to most nonwoven fabrics including those that are treated or untreated, heavily sized, coated, or resin-treated. This test method may not be useful for highloft nonwoven fabrics.
1.3 Trapezoid tear strength as measured in this test method is the maximum tearing force required to continue or propagate a tear started previously in the specimen. The reported value is not directly related to the force required to initiate or start a tear.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses may be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 802
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Apparent Specific Gravity of Rock and Manmade Materials for Erosion Control
ASTM D5779 - 08
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the specific gravity of rock or man-made materials for erosion control.
1.2 This is a field test method to measure apparent specific gravity. For laboratory determination of bulk specific gravity see Test Method D 6473.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 803
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Publisher: ASTM
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Eurocode 7. Geotechnical design. Ground investigation and testing
BS EN 1997-2:2007
BS EN 1997-2:2007 gives guidance for the planning and interpretation of geotechnical laboratory and field tests that are used for the support of geotechnical design of buildings and civil engineering works. The standard is intended to be used in conjunction with BS EN 1997-1:2004 and is intended to be used by: Clients; Designers; Geotechnical laboratories; Field testing laboratories; Public authorities. BS EN 1997-2 covers the following topics: Planning of ground investigations; Soil and rock sampling and groundwater measurements; Field tests in soil and rock; Laboratory tests on soil and rock.
Cross References: EN 1990:2002, EN 1997-1:2004, EN ISO 14688-1, EN ISO 14688-2, EN ISO 14689-1, EN ISO 22475-1, EN ISO 22476-1, EN ISO 22476-2, EN ISO 22476-3, EN ISO 22476-4, EN ISO 22476-5, EN ISO 22476-6, EN ISO 22476-8, EN ISO 22476-9, EN ISO 22476-12, EN ISO 22476-13, BS 1377-1:1990, BS 1377-2:1990, BS 1377-3:1990, BS 1377-4:1990, BS 1377-5:1990, BS 1377-6:1990, BS 1377-7:1990, BS 1377-8:1990
ID: 800
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Publisher: BSI
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NCHRP Report #529 Guideline and Recommended Standard for Geofoam Applications in Highway Embankments
NCHRP Report #529
TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 529: Guideline and Recommended Standard for Geofoam Applications in Highway Embankments includes a design guideline and recommended standard for geofoam applications in the design and construction of highway embankments.
ID: 799
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Publisher: Transportation Research Board ( TRB )
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The design and construction of reinforced soils and fills
SANS 207:2006
Gives recommendations for the application of reinforcement techniques to soils and other fills. Also gives design guidelines for the reinforcement of soils.
ID: 798
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Publisher: SANS
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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
D3885-07
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of woven or nonwoven textile fabrics using the flexing and abrasion tester.
1.2 This test method applies to most woven and nonwoven fabrics providing they do not stretch excessively. It is not applicable to floor coverings.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1
For other test methods for abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D 3884, D 3886, D 4157, D 4158, D 4966, and AATCC93.
ID: 795
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Terminology Relating to Yarns and Fibers
D4849-02b(2007)
1. Scope
1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology developed by Committee D-13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
1.1.1 This terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to fibers and yarns used in the textile industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
1.1.2 Subcommittee D13.58 has jurisdictional responsibility for every item in this standard. The standards in which the terms and definitions are used are listed by number after the definition. The wording of an entry cannot be changed without the approval of 13.58 subcommittee. Any changes approved by the subcommittee and main committee are then directed to subcommittee D13.92 on Terminology for subsequent changes or additions to Terminology D 123.
1.1.3 This terminology standard is not all inclusive of the terms under the jurisdiction of subcommittee D13.58. Other terminology standards under the jurisdiction of subcommittee D13.58 are D 3888, D 4466, and D 4848.
ID: 796
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
D4966-98(2007)e1
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. Fabrics of all types may be tested by this method but difficulties may arise with fabrics with a pile depth greater than 0.08 in. (2 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard; the values in SI units are provided as information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1 - For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D 3884, D 3885, D 3886, D 4157, D 4158, and AATCC Test Method 93.
ID: 797
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Index Test Method for Determination of Unvegetated Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Ability to Protect Soil from Rain Splash and Associated Runoff Under Bench-Scale Conditions
D7101-07
1. Scope
1.1 This index test method establishes the guidelines, requirements and procedures for evaluating the ability of unvegetated rolled erosion control products (RECPs) to protect soils from simulated rainfall (rain splash) and minimal runoff induced erosion. The critical element of this protection is the ability of the unvegetated RECP to absorb the impact force of raindrops, thereby reducing soil particle loosening through "splash" mechanisms, and limiting the ability of runoff to carry the loosened soil particles.
1.2 This index test method utilizes bench-scale testing procedures and is not indicative of unvegetated RECP performance in conditions typically found in the field.
Note 1
The values obtained with this bench scale procedure are for initial performance indication, general product comparison and conformance purposes only. These values should not be used in estimating RECP soil protection in actual field use with such calculations as the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) or Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) without verification from qualified, large-scale tests.
1.3 This index test is not intended to replace full-scale simulation or field testing in acquisition of performance values that are required in the design of erosion control measures utilizing unvegetated RECPs.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the users objectives, and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this index test method to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use and may involve use of hazardous materials, equipment, and operations. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Also, the user must comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety Administration) guidelines, while using the index test method.
ID: 794
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Publisher: ASTM
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